One of the most challenging aspects of treating scoliosis is early detection. As a result of the degenerative changes to the spine that can accompany aging, there are a number of conditions that can develop and contribute to the development of adult degenerative scoliosis. Osteoporosis: Osteoporosis can cause secondary scoliosis due to bone degeneration. Patients with scoliosis tend to be more flexible than others, due to changes in the structure of their ligaments. For adolescents, depending on how severe their condition is, without that big signifier, they are often unaware the condition is present. This pressure on the nerves can interfere with the health of the body, similar to how blocking off a blood vessel can be harmful to the tissues that were being supplied by that vessel. Sign up to receive facts and information you won’t find anywhere else. When people think of scoliosis, they think of children and adolescents, but adults can also develop various forms of the condition. Scoliosis is often associated with low bone density (osteopenia) and joint hypermobility (ligament laxity). With spinal stenosis, the spine’s vertebrae, along with surrounding tissue, can extend into the spinal canal and compress the nerves as they’re exiting the spine. If scoliosis develops in adulthood with no prior history of the condition, it’s generally as a secondary complication of other medical issues and conditions: osteoporosis, vertebral compression fractures, spinal stenosis, trauma, or neuromuscular disease. They theorized that this straightening of the spine and the loss of the normal good curves created a “de-stabilization” effect upon the spine, which rendered it vulnerable to developing scoliosis. Other causes: Poor posture, carrying backpacks or satchels, … Degenerative scoliosis is caused by a gradual deterioration of the facet joints (small stabilizing joints of the spine located between and behind adjacent vertebrae). One interesting new theory suggests that scoliosis is caused by a sensorimotor re-integration disorder (improper communication between the brain and the muscles responsible for posture, balance, and coordination). Before your doctor can suggest a treatment plan, if adult scoliosis is suspected, he/she will need to take a history. It is most common in adults over the age of 40. Posture is an automatic, involuntary system. Interestingly, there are two primary genes which influence spinal cord tension; one codes for the elasticity of the spinal cord proper, and the other regulates the elasticity of the spinal nerves that branch out in the lumbar spine. It’s once they’ve reached skeletal maturity and the condition has progressed in severity that the condition’s symptoms become more noticeable. Adult scoliosis can cause low-back pain, but it’s often leg pain or sciatica that drives patients to the Spine Center. Studies show that bone spurs and degenerative disc disease probably start the process that leads to scoliosis. Some research suggests that scoliosis may have a genetic cause. There are also various stretches and therapies that CLEAR prescribes to help improve the flexibility of the nerves themselves. When the muscles surrounding the spine aren’t working properly, the spine isn’t supported adequately; this can throw it off balance and out of alignment. Adult scoliosis can be divided into two main categories: idiopathic and de novo. Bone density loss isn't just a women's issue, though. What this means is that many adolescents with the condition progress through adolescence into adulthood. CLEAR Doctors utilize several tests, such as the modified Cox sign developed by Dr. Matt Janzen, that are intended to evaluate how great of a role spinal tethering plays in each individual case. Copyright © 2019 CLEAR Scoliosis Institute. Scoliosis is a sideways curve in the spine commonly seen in children and adolescents 1). Scoliosis affects about 2% of females and 0.5% of males. Scoliosis is not caused by muscle tension. It’s also possible for scoliosis to develop in adults due to disease, surgery, or … Pain results from stressed joints and pinched nerves, not the abnormal curve. While scoliosis is rare in infants, infantile scoliosis can affect people before the age of 3 years. The most common form of adult scoliosis is degenerative (spine curves as you age). However, experts say, much more commonly adults with scoliosis have degenerative scoliosis, which develops as a result of age-related degeneration. CLEAR uses an advanced system of reactive therapies, including spinal weighting and balance training exercises, to improve balance and coordination. We’ve learned that idiopathic scoliosis that first appears during adolescence can continue progressing into adulthood, and as age increases, so too does the likelihood of curvature progression. Additional ongoing research suggests that certain heavy metals such as mercury may also have a negative effect upon the ligaments, weakening them and encouraging the development of scoliosis. Understanding Scoliosis in Adults. Adults may have either degenerative scoliosis or the cause is unknown (idiopathic.) Scoliosisassociates.com - Spinal Stenosis, Americanassociationofneurologicalsurgeons.org - Vertebral Compression Fractures, Usnationallibraryofmedicine - Degenerative Scoliosis: A Review. In some cases, adolescent scoliosis may develop symptoms with aging and require treatment. Adult degenerative scoliosis (also called adult onset scoliosis) is caused by the degeneration of the facet joints that help the spine bend smoothly, and the intervertebral … Each person must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis to determine which factors are most likely contributing to the development and progression of their scoliosis. For this reason, CLEAR doctors are taught to provide nutritional and dietary counseling to all of their scoliosis patients. Read on to learn about its causes, symptoms, and treatment options. After experiencing life changing results, he set his sights on helping others who face debilitating illness through providing more natural approaches. This compression can cause back pain and radiating pain into the legs and feet. The cause of scoliosis often can’t be determined. It is also possible that genetic factors may predispose some individuals to be at a higher risk for developing scoliosis than others; however, even genetic factors can potentially be influenced through the science of epigenetics. CLEAR provides a unique and innovative way of understanding scoliosis. In this type, the normal wear and tear on the lower back during the aging process leads to the development of a curve in the spine. In most cases, scoliosis does not develop due to only one cause, but a combination of causes with varying degrees of influence. This is known as degenerative scoliosis. Less frequently, it … The scoliotic curves may be … A diagnosis of ADS is most often reached through performing a physical exam/visual assessment, inspecting the patient’s medical history for any pathology, and reading their X-ray images. The vast majority of scoliosis cases diagnosed (over 80%) are termed idiopathic. Side effects of scoliosis. Spinal surgery that leaves the spine unbalanced can also lead to the development of traumatic scoliosis. Osteoporosis is a common condition linked to the development of adult scoliosis and is caused by a loss of bone mass, basically making the bones thinner. Other possible causes include: While this is a rare form of adult de novo scoliosis, neuromuscular diseases such as cerebral palsy, polio, and muscular dystrophy can also lead to the development of scoliosis. Menopause can lead to bone mineral loss which causes the spine to deteriorate rapidly. Scoliosis is a condition that causes the spine to curve abnormally, like the letter “S” or “C.” The spine may also twist and cause one side of the back to stick out more than the other. This tension can have many negative effects. Scoliosis refers to a degenerative spinal condition that is caused due to an abnormal curving of the spine. Osteoporosis, disc and joint degeneration, a spinal compression fracture, or a combination of these problems can contribute to the development of adult scoliosis. In adults it may show itself as a shape change with asymmetry of the trunk. The Most Common Forms of Scoliosis Remain a Mystery Figures 1-4: Progression of adult scoliosis from age 14 (top left) to age 46 … When the spinal cord lengthens, due to the orientation of the fibers of the dura mater, it creates a “pincer”-effect upon the nerves. When a child or teenager with scoliosis does experience back pain, this is usually a sign that they have some additional condition. When the spine is in a weakened state due to a loss of bone mass, it’s much more vulnerable to fractures. In this week’s blog, find out how scoliosis can affect the legs and back and how many patients can overcome symptoms without surgery. When an adult patient develops scoliosis with no prior history, this is referred to as adult de novo scoliosis, and there are a number of causes for this: degenerative changes to the spine that can lead to osteoporosis, vertebral compression fractures, and stenosis. Neuromuscular scoliosis is caused by a disorder like spina bifida, cerebral palsy, or a spinal cord injury. When the baby is being pulled from the womb or birth canal, its head and neck are very vulnerable to injury. Also, the postural changes that scoliosis can cause can also be subtle and difficult for the average person to spot. While it was earlier assumed that scoliosis only affects children and teenagers, it is now established that adults can suffer from scoliosis as well. Scoliosis has been around for thousands of years, among people of every culture and country. Idiopathic Scoliosis in adults Mostly, scoliosis begins to occur during teenage when the body is undergoing changes due to puberty. With the good curves in place, the scoliosis can more effectively be reduced. The majority of scoliosis cases are termed idiopathic, meaning of undetermined cause. Copyright © 2020 - Scoliosis Reduction Center. The CLEAR Scoliosis Treatment is tailored to identify and treat every aspect of a patient’s health that could be influencing their scoliosis, in order to achieve the best possible long-term outcomes not just in terms of Cobb angle reduction, but also in regards to improvement in quality of life. Excessive force could potentially disrupt the upper cervical spine, creating misalignments in the bones of the neck and leading to injury to the nerves and ligaments. The occurrence of vertebral compression fractures increases with age and is more common in women due to the natural bone-mass loss and hormonal changes that accompany menopause. Less common causes include trauma and neuromuscular disease. Scoliosis that develops with no known cause is the most common type. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Painkilling tablets may help relieve the pain that can be associated with scoliosis. Adult idiopathic scoliosis is a case that existed in childhood. Welcome to Scoliosis Reduction Center. Adult Idiopathic Scoliosis. To understand why, it’s important to look at the characteristics of the spinal cord. Severe migraines as a young teen introduced Dr. Nalda to chiropractic care. If the condition is not severe and is not causing any pain, treatment may not be needed. Adult scoliosis is often a result of worn-out joints and spinal discs. Active exercises are helpful in rehabilitating muscle imbalances, but reactive exercises help to rehabilitate imbalances in the cerebellum and the posture control centers of the brain. Not only can adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) differ greatly in severity level from patient to patient, it has no known cause, and can also be very difficult to diagnose. People with scoliosis often have difficulty balancing with the eyes closed, or balancing on an unstable surface. The nerves and ligaments in the neck have a great deal to do with maintaining posture and balance; it is possible that injuries to this area could interfere with the feedback between the brain and the body, leading to signals being sent and received inappropriately between the two. While scoliosis can be caused by conditions such as cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy, the cause of most scoliosis is unknown. Degenerative scoliosis, also known as adult onset scoliosis, describes a side-to-side curvature of the spine caused by degeneration of the facet joints and intervertebral discs which are the moving parts of the spine. What causes this in turn is not known for certain, but it suggests that rehabilitation strategies aimed at improving balance, coordination, and proprioception might help prevent scoliosis from getting worse. Adults can also experience worsening over time of previously undiagnosed or untreated scoliosis. This may include questions about: Some types of scoliosis have a directly-identifiable cause. There are several different types of scoliosis. While this hyper-flexibility can be great for things like dance and gymnastics, it can also lead to problems with instability and excessive motion. While cases of adult ‘de novo’ scoliosis can develop, they’re far less common than cases of scoliosis carried from adolescence into adulthood. Written by Stewart G. Eidelson, MD Adult scoliosis occurs when the spine curves abnormally to the left or right. When adolescent idiopathic scoliosis progresses into adulthood undiagnosed, it becomes known as idiopathic adult scoliosis, and this is by far the most common form of adult scoliosis. Stenosis can impair mobility, is painful, and decreases muscle control and strength. However, adults may also be diagnosed with scoliosis, either when a curve that existed in their youth progresses, or as a de novo (newly diagnosed condition) that can result from degenerative changes in the spine or osteoporosis. Degenerative scoliosis is one of the most common forms of adult scoliosis; it’s caused by a weakening of the spine, and its parts, caused by the cumulative effect of lifestyle choices and aging. Adult Scoliosis Menu. This degeneration and resulting spinal asymmetry can occur slowly over time as a person ages. When the spine’s architecture is altered due to some kind of trauma, an abnormal curvature can develop as a result. In most cases, there is no known cause of scoliosis. As an example, scoliosis is often associated with low bone density (osteopenia and osteoporosis); however, evidence suggests that calcium and vitamin D alone are insufficient to provide the bones with all of the materials they need to be healthy. This article provides information about the causes of scoliosis, its symptoms and probable treatment options. The chlorine in indoor swimming pools as well as the additives in meat have been found to increase the rate at which scoliosis develops. The genetic factors involved with scoliosis appear to revolve around the genes responsible for regulating normal development of the bones and ligaments. 2 Many people with scoliosis develop pain in other parts of their bodies due to their postural misalignment, which puts uneven stress on the hips, knees, neck, and shoulders. Even in identical twins, it is possible for one twin to develop scoliosis but the other does not. Restoring the good curves is a vital step in ensuring that the spine has the strength and flexibility it needs to function properly. Traumatic scoliosis can occur as a result of an accident or surgery. While many cases of adult scoliosis follow this pattern, there are instances of adults who develop the condition fresh in adulthood with no prior history, and that’s referred to as adult ‘de novo’ scoliosis. Other less common causes of scoliosis are neuromuscular discord such as Arnold Chiari malformation, a congenital misshaped vertebrae, neurofibromatosis, connective tissue disorders such as Marfan’s or Eheler-Danlos, trauma-induced and post-surgical scoliosis. Our protocols are designed to rehabilitate and restore the good, healthy curves of the spine. Roughly two-thirds of adults with scoliotic curves between 20 and 55 degrees experience back pain. Treatmen… Most often, it’s pain that brings adults in to see me, and then we reach a diagnosis. CLEAR Scoliosis Institute is a 501(c)3 registered nonprofit. Though the causes of scoliosis are mostly unknown, we do know several things that contribute to the formation of degenerative scoliosis. normal spine has several front-to-back curves between the neck and the pelvis VCFs present with severe pain and discomfort and can lead to the development of adult scoliosis. Degenerative scoliosis occurs most frequently in the lower back (lumbar spine) and more commonly affects adults age 65 and older. It is possible to influence your posture with active conscious effort, but once you stop focusing upon it, your posture will return to its natural state. normal spine has several front-to-back curves between the neck and the pelvis By teaching the brain new ways of activating the muscles in a more balanced fashion, the permanence of the achieved correction is enhanced, leading to much improved long-term outcomes. It interferes with the function of the spinal cord, and that can throw off the spine’s biomechanics and lead to the development of spinal deformities like scoliosis. Adult scoliosis: This develops in adults. What Is Scoliosis? Typically, the pain you experience with adult onset scoliosis is the result of pressure on your spinal disks, pressure on facet joints, and muscle pain. Adult degenerative scoliosis Adult degenerative scoliosis is a condition where a right-left or lateral curve develops in a previously straight spine secondary to advanced degenerative disc disease. In some individuals, spinal cord tension plays a very minor role; in others, it could be the primary driving factor behind the scoliosis. Idiopathic adult scoliosis is by far the most common form as this involves cases of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis that were undiagnosed and untreated during adolescence. This is commonly caused by degenerative changes to the spine that can accompany aging. Causes of Scoliosis in Adults. In degenerative adult scoliosis asymmetric degeneration of the discs or joints in a patient’s back can lead to unbalanced loading of the spine. All of these types of scoliosis, however, comprise less than 20% of the diagnosed cases. Adult-onset scoliosis can be a distressing experience—both in the psychological impact of your body’s changing appearance and in the physiological pain and inflammation that the condition can cause. Taking aspirin only blocks the pain signals, much like removing the Check Engine light from your dashboard “fixes” the problem with your car. Spinal deformity is an abnormal alignment or curve of the bony vertebral column. Adult scoliosis and kyphosis can be caused by age-related wear and tear on the back or complications from past surgeries. Women going through menopause are more likely to develop osteoporosis because of the loss of bone mass, plus hormonal changes, that occur. Adult scoliosis is most often caused by: 1. In fact, the occurrence of scoliosis actually increases with age. In other words, when you have a headache, the cause of the headache is not a deficiency of aspirin. Around the spinal cord is a tough, protective sheath, called the dura mater. Arthritis, disc and nerve compression in the spine, and difficulty breathing are also common. In this article, surgeons from the Twin Cities Spine Center in Minneapolis, Minnesota review the causes, symptoms, and treatment of this type of degenerative scoliosis. This is a completely different cause of scoliosis from the standard adolescent onset scoliosis. The idea that problems with communication between the brain and the body lies behind the cause of scoliosis has been steadily gaining interest over the last decade. Traumatic scoliosis can occur as a result of an accident or surgery. Also known as de novo (new) scoliosis. For adults affected by scoliosis, the curve may be a remnant of scoliosis that developed during childhood. CLEAR Scoliosis Institute, a nonprofit organization, does not have any authority over the clinic, make any clinical recommendations, or dictate patient care. Never ignore professional medical advice because of something you have read on this site. Believe it or not, scoliosis in adult women over the age of 60 is fairly common and often related to changes in bone health and hormones related to menopause. The precise causes of degenerative scoliosis or associated spinal osteoarthritis are not known, but the condition is clearly aggravated by daily wear and tear, microtraumas and repetitive activities that jar the spine, such as using a jackhammer. Conditions that weaken the vertebrae of the spine can lead to the development of an abnormal spinal curvature as the spine’s ability to … If the scoliosis is straightened without first restoring the good curves, the spine ends up straight and unstable again. To help shed light on the distinctions between adult and childhood scoliosis, SpineUniverse spoke with Editorial Board member Kevin R. O’Neill, MD, MS, a spine surgeon who specializes in both adult and pediatric scoliosis. While scoliosis can sometimes be hereditary, or the result of a past trauma, the primary cause of adult deformity is aging, or natural wear-and-tear, as well as degenerative arthritis that occurs within the joints of … That most commonly develops in adulthood curves between 20 what causes scoliosis in adults 55 degrees experience back is! A healthy adult spine Deformity ( ASD ) just a women 's issue,.! Process, or a spinal cord injury symptoms, it can lead to bone health, involving a of... And neck are very vulnerable to fractures and pinched nerves, not the abnormal curve considered a disorder adolescents! Joint hypermobility ( ligament laxity ) continues into adulthood true causes remain elusive that influences development... 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